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Fetal Neurosonogram, also known as prenatal brain ultrasound, is a specialized imaging technique that plays a crucial role in assessing fetal brain development during pregnancy. This procedure can provide valuable insights into the health of a developing fetus, allowing early detection of potential neurological issues. But when is the right time to perform a Fetal Neurosonogram, and what situations call for this examination?

Ideal Timing for Fetal Neurosonogram

A Fetal Neurosonogram is typically performed during the second trimester of pregnancy, between 18 and 24 weeks. This period is when the fetal brain undergoes significant development, making it the optimal time to evaluate its structure and identify any anomalies. In some cases, neurosonograms are also performed later in pregnancy if there are concerns about fetal brain development or when additional monitoring is needed.

Indications for Fetal Neurosonogram

Several scenarios warrant a fetal neurosonogram, including:

Fetal Neurosonogram –Abnormal Prenatal Screening Results

If initial prenatal screening, such as nuchal translucency or quad screening, indicates potential issues, a fetus neurosonogram may be recommended to investigate further. It helps confirm or rule out possible abnormalities in the brain’s development.

Family History of Neurological Conditions

A history of neurological disorders, such as epilepsy or certain genetic conditions, may prompt a fetal neurosonogram to assess the risk to the fetus.

High-Risk Pregnancies

Pregnancies with a higher risk due to maternal age, pre-existing medical conditions, or previous complications may require a fetus neurosonogram to ensure the fetus brain is developing properly.

Multiple Pregnancies

In cases of twins or higher-order multiples, fetus neurosonogram can help monitor brain development and detect potential issues arising from shared or separate placentas.

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss or Fetal Abnormalities

Couples who have experienced recurrent pregnancy loss or previous pregnancies with fetus abnormalities may benefit from a fetus neurosonogram. This helps them better understand the causes and plan for future pregnancies.

The Institute of Fetal Medicine (IFM) in Kolkata specializes in prenatal diagnostic imaging. They offer fetal neurosonograms to help parents make informed decisions about their pregnancies. With a focus on prenatal brain ultrasound, IFM provides comprehensive support and guidance throughout the process.

If you have concerns about when to schedule a fetus neurosonogram, contact IFM, Kolkata. They can also help determine whether it’s needed in your pregnancy. Their team of experts can help determine the appropriate timing. They will guide you through the process to ensure the best outcomes for you and your baby.

Fetal Neurosonogram, or prenatal brain ultrasound, offers numerous benefits for assessing and monitoring fetal brain development during pregnancy. Here are the key advantages:

Fetal Neurosonogram –Early Detection of Abnormalities 

Fetal neurosonogram is a crucial tool that allows healthcare professionals to detect brain abnormalities at an early stage of pregnancy. This advanced imaging technique identifies conditions such as ventriculomegaly, cortical malformations, and various other developmental issues with precision. Early detection is vital as it enables timely intervention and appropriate management plans, potentially mitigating the impact of these conditions on the developing fetus. Early diagnosis through fetus Neurosonogram can lead to better outcomes, as healthcare providers can monitor the progression of the abnormalities and plan necessary treatments or interventions, ensuring the best possible care for both the mother and the baby.

Assessment of Brain Growth and Symmetry with Fetal neurosonogram

This procedure helps assess the growth and symmetry of the fetal brain, ensuring that development is on track. It crucially monitors high-risk pregnancies and ensures proper neurodevelopmental milestones are met.

Guidance for Other Prenatal Procedures

Fetal neurosonogram can guide other prenatal diagnostic procedures, such as amniocentesis or genetic testing. It offers crucial information to determine when additional tests are needed.

Customized Prenatal Care Plans

With the detailed information obtained from a fetal neurosonogram, healthcare providers can create personalized care plans for expectant parents. This tailored approach leads to better outcomes and more informed decision-making.

Foundation for Neonatal Neurology

Fetal neurosonograms lay the groundwork for neonatal neurology, allowing healthcare professionals to prepare for any interventions needed at birth. This proactive approach can lead to smoother transitions from pregnancy to neonatal care.

At the Institute of Fetal Medicine (IFM) in Kolkata, these benefits are realized through advanced technology and a team of experienced professionals. By incorporating fetal neurosonograms into prenatal care, IFM, Kolkata, ensures a comprehensive approach to fetal brain health.

Contact IFM to learn how a fetal neurosonogram can benefit your pregnancy and receive expert guidance and support. They can provide personalized advice based on your unique situation, ensuring that you receive the best care possible.

Genetic counselling plays a pivotal role in helping individuals and families make informed decisions about their genetic health, particularly before pregnancy. It connects the understanding of our DNA with the choices we make for health and family planning.

A genetic counsellor provides information about genetic conditions, inheritance patterns, and genetic test results. They guide individuals in assessing their risk of genetic disorders and help them understand options for genetic testing. This support ensures that people make informed decisions about their healthcare, family planning, and risk management.

When Genetic Counselling Is Recommended?

Genetic counselling is recommended in several scenarios:

Family History of Genetic Conditions: If you have a family history of conditions like cystic fibrosis, Huntington’s disease, or inherited cancers, genetic counselling helps assess your risk and inform future family planning.

Pregnancy Planning: Genetic counselling before pregnancy is essential for couples wanting to assess the risk of passing genetic conditions to their offspring. This proactive approach enables informed decisions about reproductive options and prenatal testing.

Pregnancy with Abnormal Screening: If prenatal screening reveals potential genetic issues, a genetic counsellor can explain the implications and guide further diagnostic options.

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Couples with recurrent miscarriages or stillbirths should consider genetic consultation to identify possible genetic factors and explore solutions for future pregnancies.

Advanced Maternal Age: Women over 35 have a higher risk of bearing children with genetic conditions. Genetic counselling assesses these risks and guides pregnancy planning.

Consanguineous Relationships: Couples closely related by blood are at higher risk of passing on recessive genetic conditions. Genetic counselling helps understand these risks and plan accordingly.

At the Institute of Fetal Medicine (IFM) in Kolkata, genetic counselling offers tailored advice for pre-pregnancy planning. With a focus on Genetic Testing for Pregnancy Planning, Genetic Risk Assessment for Pregnancy, and Family Planning with Genetic Counselling, IFM provides a comprehensive approach to genetic health. Whether you’re considering genetic screening before conception or addressing complex family histories, IFM, Kolkata, has the expertise to guide you. Reach out to them for expert guidance and support.

Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder caused by a deficiency in haemoglobin, a key component of red blood cells. Haemoglobin plays a crucial role in transporting oxygen throughout the body. When it is deficient, it can lead to anaemia and other complications. Despite being a serious condition, this blood disorder is treatable, with blood transfusions and chelation therapy being common approaches to managing symptoms.

Thalassemia Symptoms and Treatment

Common symptoms of thalassemia include:

• Fatigue
• Weakness, and
• Paleness

All these symptoms are linked to low haemoglobin levels.

Patients with thalassemia often require regular blood transfusions to maintain healthy levels of red blood cells. Chelation therapy is another important treatment, helping to remove excess iron that can build up from frequent transfusions. Managing thalassemia requires a comprehensive approach involving regular medical care and monitoring.

Genetic Testing and Counselling

Since thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder, genetic testing is a vital tool to understand your risk. If you or your partner has a family history of this blood disorder, or if you come from regions where it’s prevalent, it’s important to consider genetic testing. This can help determine whether you carry the gene mutations associated with thalassemia.

Thalassemia Prevention and Family Planning

While you can’t entirely prevent thalassemia, genetic testing can play a significant role in family planning. Knowing whether you or your partner carries this blood disorder gene mutations allows you to make informed decisions about conception. This is where genetic counselling becomes invaluable. At the Institute of Fetal Medicine (IFM) in Kolkata, experts offer guidance to such couples considering parenthood. Genetic counsellors can help you understand the risks and discuss options for family planning.

Importance of Genetic Counselling for Prospective Parents

Genetic counselling is essential for couples planning a family, especially when there’s a risk of inherited disorders like thalassemia. A genetic counsellor can assess your risk of passing on gene mutations, guide you through genetic testing, and help you understand the implications for your child. At the Institute of Fetal Medicine (IFM) in Kolkata, genetic counsellors offer personalized advice to help you make informed decisions about conception and pregnancy. If you’re planning to start a family, consider genetic counselling to ensure a healthy future for your child. Reach out to IFM for expert guidance and support.

Prenatal genetic testing has transformed pregnancy care by providing a clearer view of an unborn child’s genetic health. Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) is a critical procedure that enables early diagnosis of genetic disorders. This brief overview explores its growing role in modern pregnancy care in Kolkata.

What is Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)?

Chorionic Villus Sampling is a prenatal test conducted between the 10th and 13th weeks of pregnancy to detect genetic conditions like Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and other chromosomal abnormalities. It involves taking a small sample of placental tissue (chorionic villi) for genetic analysis. In Kolkata, CVS has gained popularity due to its early detection capabilities, allowing expecting parents to make informed decisions.

Procedure and Risk Assessment

In India, CVS is performed by experienced prenatal care providers. The procedure involves inserting a thin tube through the cervix or a needle through the abdomen to collect the sample. Although highly accurate, CVS carries risks, including a small chance of miscarriage, infection, or Rh sensitization. A thorough risk assessment is crucial before undergoing the procedure. Despite these risks, the advantages of early detection often outweigh them.

Benefits and Risks of CVS

The main advantage of CVS is early and accurate results, often weeks before amniocentesis. This early insight allows parents and healthcare providers to plan and make decisions. However, the risks, such as miscarriage, should be discussed with healthcare providers to ensure informed consent.

Cost and Alternative Tests

The cost of CVS in India varies based on location and healthcare providers. In Kolkata, institutions like the Institute of Fetal Medicine offer this procedure. Other prenatal genetic tests include amniocentesis and non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), each with its own benefits and limitations.

Impact on Pregnancy Care

Prenatal genetic testing has reshaped pregnancy care by offering early diagnosis and more personalized approaches. CVS, with its early detection capabilities, plays a pivotal role in this transformation, providing expectant parents in Kolkata with crucial information to navigate pregnancy with clarity and confidence.

The first step in managing a high-risk pregnancy is understanding the factors that contribute to its risk status. This process, known as risk assessment, involves evaluating your medical history, pre-existing conditions, and any issues that arise during pregnancy. Conditions like hypertension, diabetes, or pre-eclampsia can increase the risk, as can factors such as advanced maternal age, multiple pregnancies, or a history of pregnancy complications.

Common Causes of High-Risk Pregnancy

Several conditions can lead to a high-risk pregnancy. These include:

• Pre-existing Medical Conditions: Conditions like diabetes, lupus, and hypertension require careful monitoring during pregnancy.
• Complications During Pregnancy: Developing gestational diabetes or pre-eclampsia can increase the risk level.
• Multiple Pregnancies: Twins or higher-order multiples carry a higher risk of complications.
• Advanced Maternal Age: Women over 35 are at greater risk of certain complications.
• History of Pregnancy Complications: If you had a preterm birth or other complications in a previous pregnancy, your current pregnancy may be considered high-risk.

HR Pregnancy Monitoring and Treatment

High-risk pregnancy care often involves more frequent monitoring and specialized testing. This may include:

• Ultrasounds: To monitor fetal growth and development.
• Non-Stress Tests (NSTs): To check fetal heart rate and movements.
• Blood Tests: To assess maternal health and detect potential complications.
• Amniocentesis or Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): For prenatal genetic testing if necessary.

Treatment plans for HR pregnancies vary depending on the underlying causes. These may involve medication management, lifestyle adjustments, or even hospitalization in some cases. Maternal-fetal medicine specialists play a central role in coordinating care and ensuring that both mother and baby receive the necessary treatment.

Preparing for a High-Risk Pregnancy

If you know ahead of time that your pregnancy will be high-risk, there are steps you can take to prepare:

• Preconception Counselling: Meet with a maternal-fetal medicine specialist to discuss your medical history and potential risks.
• Lifestyle Adjustments: Maintain a healthy diet, exercise, and manage stress to reduce risks during pregnancy.
• Medication Management: Work with your healthcare provider to ensure any medications you take are safe for pregnancy.
• Education and Support: Learn about HR pregnancy care and connect with support groups or other resources to help you navigate the journey.

Risks Associated with High-Risk Pregnancy

High-risk pregnancies can pose a higher risk of complications for both mother and baby. These risks may include:

• Preterm Birth: Babies born before 37 weeks may face additional health challenges.
• Low Birth Weight: This can occur if fetal growth is restricted during pregnancy.
• Preeclampsia: High blood pressure in pregnancy can lead to serious complications.
• Gestational Diabetes: Can lead to larger-than-average babies and complications during delivery.

It’s important to work closely with your healthcare team to manage these risks and ensure a safe pregnancy and delivery.

HR Pregnancy and Maternal Health

Managing conditions like hypertension and diabetes is crucial in HR pregnancy. Maternal-fetal medicine specialists help ensure maternal health is maintained to avoid complications.

HR pregnancy requires a multidisciplinary approach with close monitoring. Understanding risks and treatment options can make this journey easier. Remember, your healthcare team is there to support you. Following their guidance.

Amniocentesis test is a procedure by which a small sample of amniotic fluid is collected under ultrasonography guidance and sent to laboratory for various tests of the unborn baby (called fetus).

Mental preparation for amniocentesis test

Mental preparation is important for expectant parents. This guide aims to provide comprehensive information on preparing for amniocentesis, covering everything from the procedure itself to post-procedure care. Please take time to discuss any question with your healthcare provider and seek support from loved ones

Questions to Ask Your Doctor:

Before undergoing amniocentesis, it’s important to ask your doctor questions to clarify any doubts. Some questions to consider include:

• What are the benefits of amniocentesis?
• What is the purpose of the procedure?
• How will the results of the amniocentesis impact my pregnancy?
• What is the experience of the healthcare provider performing the procedure?
• What is the cost of amniocentesis?
• Any risk involved?

Amniocentesis test Procedure:

The amniocentesis procedure involves using ultrasound guidance to collect a small sample of amniotic fluid from fluid around the fetus. The fetus is not touched, so it is safe. This fluid contains cells shed by the fetus and can provide valuable information about the baby’s health, including genetic complement. There is a small chance of miscarriage about 1 in 1000.

The benefit of amniocentesis outweigh risk as it can provide valuable information about fetal health and help in making informed decisions about pregnancy management.

Amniotic Fluid Analysis:

After the amniocentesis procedure, the collected amniotic fluid sample is sent to a laboratory for analysis. This analysis can include testing for chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome or specific genes if there is any history of genetic problem in the family.

Post-Amniocentesis test Care:

Usually women are asked to rest on bed for couple of hours and advised to avoid strenuous activity or heavy lifting.

Amniocentesis Follow-Up Appointments:

Following amniocentesis, you’ll likely have follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to discuss the results and any further management or testing options. It’s essential to attend these appointments and ask any additional question you may have.

In the journey of pregnancy, the first three months is a critical period marked by rapid fetal development and vital milestones. Amidst this, prenatal screening emerges as a fundamental tool to assess health and well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus. One such pivotal screening procedure, widely known as the Nuchal Translucency scan or first-trimester combined screening, holds paramount importance in ensuring a healthy pregnancy. In this comprehensive guide, we delve into the significance of NT scan in pregnancy, addressing key questions surrounding its necessity, procedure, and implications.

Importance of NT Scan in Pregnancy:

This screening procedure primarily focuses on assessing the risk of chromosomal abnormalities, such as Down syndrome (trisomy 21). It also helps to detect early developing some structural anomalies of the fetus.

What Is Nuchal Translucency Scan in Pregnancy?

The NT scan, also known as nuchal translucency screening, involves an ultrasound examination typically performed between the 11th and 14th week of gestation. During the procedure, the thickness of the fluid-filled space at the back of the fetus’s neck (nuchal translucency) is measured. Additionally, maternal blood samples may be collected to assess biochemical markers, enhancing the accuracy of risk assessment. This combined approach enhances the sensitivity and specificity of the screening, offering a comprehensive evaluation of fetal health.

When to Do NT Scan in Pregnancy:

Typically recommended between the 11th and 14th week of gestation, this screening provides optimal visualization of fetal structures. It ensures accurate assessment of nuchal translucency during this critical period.

NT Scan in Pregnancy:

A Beacon of Hope Institute of Fetal Medicine ( IFM ), 152 SP Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700027, stands at the forefront of prenatal care, offering state-of-the-art facilities and expertise in fetal medicine. IFM ensures maternal and fetal well-being with specialists and advanced tech throughout pregnancy.

The Institute of Fetal Medicine in Kolkata offers early screenings like the NT scan. IFM also provide advanced diagnostic procedures and personalized care. Our aim is to empower expectant parents for a confident pregnancy journey.

Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome, is a chromosomal disorder characterized by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 13 in some or all of the body’s cells. This additional genetic material disrupts normal development and can lead to a range of congenital abnormalities and serious health issues. In this article, we will delve into the details of T – 13, including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, management, and support options, while also highlighting the appointment booking details of the Institute of Fetal Medicine in Kolkata.

What is Trisomy 13?

Trisomy 13, a rare chromosomal disorder, results from the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 13 in some or all of the body’s cells. This additional genetic material disrupts normal development and can lead to various congenital abnormalities and health complications. This additional genetic material disrupts normal development and can lead to a range of congenital abnormalities and health complications.

Causes and Risk Factors

Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome, results from the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 13 in some or all of the body’s cells. This additional genetic material disrupts the normal development of the fetus, leading to various congenital abnormalities and health complications associated with the condition.

The primary cause of Trisomy 13 is related to errors in cell division during the formation of reproductive cells or early embryo development. Spontaneous errors, not usually inherited from parents, can lead to these conditions. However, advanced maternal age is a significant risk factor for T – 13. Women who become pregnant at an older age have a higher risk of having a child with Trisomy 13 compared to younger women. Experts believe this occurs due to the increased likelihood of chromosomal abnormalities in eggs as women age.

In addition to advanced maternal age, certain genetic factors may also contribute to the development of Trisomy 13. Individuals with a family history of chromosomal abnormalities or genetic syndromes may have an increased risk of having a child with T-13. Environmental factors and lifestyle choices during pregnancy, such as exposure to toxins or certain medications, may also play a role in increasing the risk of chromosomal disorders like T – 13, although more research is needed to fully understand their impact.

Overall, while the exact causes of Trisomy 13 may vary, understanding the potential risk factors can help healthcare providers identify individuals who may be at increased risk and provide appropriate genetic counselling and prenatal screening options. Early detection and diagnosis of T – 13 are crucial for informed decision-making and ensuring the best possible outcomes for both mother and baby.

Signs and Symptoms

• Craniofacial abnormalities such as cleft lip and palate
• Heart defects
• Brain abnormalities
• Kidney problems
• Extra fingers or toes
• Severe developmental delays

Diagnosis and Screening

Trisomy 13 can be diagnosed through prenatal screening tests and confirmed through diagnostic procedures such as amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling (CVS). Early detection is crucial for informed decision-making and appropriate management of the condition.

Management and Treatment

There is no cure for Trisomy 13, but a multidisciplinary approach to management can help address specific medical complications associated with the condition. Treatment options may include surgical interventions for heart defects and supportive care to improve quality of life.

Prognosis and Outlook : Trisomy-13

The prognosis for individuals with Trisomy 13 varies depending on the severity of their condition and the presence of associated medical complications. Infants with T – 13 often face health challenges and shorter lifespans. In severe cases, stillbirth or neonatal death may occur.

Coping and Support

Coping with a diagnosis of Trisomy 13 can be challenging for patients and their families. Emotional support resources, such as support groups, counselling services, and community organizations, can provide assistance and guidance throughout the journey.

Trisomy 13 : Making Informed Decisions 

Patients and families with Trisomy 13 should make informed decisions on testing, pregnancy, and end-of-life care. They need support to navigate these choices. Respect for patient autonomy and individual choices are paramount in this process.

Research and Advances

Appointment Booking Details

To book an appointment or learn more about our services, please contact us at:

📞 9830047676 | 9748480005 | 9831788538

📧 info@ifmkolkata.com

Address: 152 Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Road, at Rashbehari crossing – near Kalighat Metro gate No. 9, Kolkata 700026.

Trisomy 18, also known as Edwards syndrome, is a chromosomal disorder characterized by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 18. This additional genetic material can lead to various congenital abnormalities and serious health issues. This article will explore Trisomy 18, covering its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, management, and support options. Additionally, it will provide appointment booking details for the Institute of Fetal Medicine in Kolkata.

What is Trisomy 18?

Causes and Risk Factors

Trisomy 18, also known as Edwards syndrome, occurs as a result of an extra copy of chromosome 18 in some or all of the body’s cells. This additional genetic material disrupts normal development and leads to the characteristic features of the syndrome. While the exact cause of the extra chromosome 18 is not fully understood, it is believed to be related to errors in cell division during the formation of reproductive cells or early embryo development.

Advanced maternal age is a significant risk factor for Trisomy 18, predisposing older pregnant women to a heightened likelihood of their child being affected. Nevertheless, it’s pivotal to recognize that pregnancies at any age can potentially manifest T – 18, underscoring the importance of comprehensive prenatal screening and genetic counseling irrespective of maternal age.

In addition to maternal age, certain genetic factors may also play a role in the development of T – 18. For example, individuals with a family history of chromosomal abnormalities or genetic syndromes may have an increased risk of having a child with T – 18. Environmental factors and lifestyle choices during pregnancy are also thought to potentially influence the risk of chromosomal disorders, although more research is needed to fully understand their impact.

Overall, while the exact causes of Trisomy 18 may vary, understanding the potential risk factors can help healthcare providers identify individuals who may be at increased risk and provide appropriate genetic counseling and prenatal screening options.

Signs and Symptoms 

Trisomy 18 is associated with a variety of physical and developmental abnormalities, including:

• Low birth weight
• Heart defects
• Kidney problems
• Respiratory issues
• Clenched fists with overlapping fingers
• Rocker-bottom feet
• Severe developmental delays

Diagnosis and Screening of Trisomy 18

Diagnosing Trisomy 18 typically involves prenatal screening tests followed by confirmation through diagnostic procedures like amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling (CVS). Detecting the condition early is vital as it enables informed decision-making and ensures proper management strategies can be initiated promptly to address the condition effectively.

Management and Treatment of Trisomy 18

Prognosis and Outlook

The prognosis for individuals with Trisomy 18 varies based on the severity of their condition and accompanying medical complications.  Many infants born with T-18 face significant health issues and shortened lifespans, often leading to stillbirth or neonatal death.

Coping and Support

Coping with a diagnosis of Trisomy 18 can be challenging for patients and their families. Emotional support resources, such as support groups, counseling services, and community organizations, can provide assistance and guidance throughout the journey.

Making Informed Decisions

Feeling empowered when confronted with a Trisomy 18 diagnosis is crucial for patients and families. They must navigate prenatal testing complexities, pregnancy management, and end-of-life care decisions with confidence. Upholding patient autonomy and respecting individual choices are pivotal, guiding families through informed decision-making and compassionate support. These principles ensure each family’s unique journey is honored and supported effectively.

Research and Advances

Ongoing research efforts are focused on advancing the understanding and management of Trisomy 18. Healthcare providers, staying informed, offer the most up-to-date information and support to patients and their families. This ensures they receive the best possible care aligned with current developments.

Appointment Booking Details

To book an appointment or learn more about our services, please contact us at:

📞 9830047676 | 9748480005 | 9831788538

📧 info@ifmkolkata.com

Address: 152 Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Road, at Rashbehari crossing – near Kalighat Metro gate No. 9, Kolkata 700026.

The Institute of Fetal Medicine provides comprehensive information and support to empower patients and their families facing Trisomy 18. Through this assistance, they aim to navigate the challenges with confidence and compassion.